| PARAMETER | TISSUE | PROBE |
| VOLUME | lung | CAVALIERI/POINT-COUNTING |
| NUMBER | alveoli in the lung | CONNECTIVITY |
| NUMBER and VOLUME | cells in the lung e.g. alveolar epithelial type II cells | PHYSICAL FRACTIONATOR and NUCLEATOR |
| LENGTH | alveoli, mean linear intercept (chord) | POINT SAMPLED INTERCEPTS OR INDIRECT METHOD |
| LENGTH | blood vessels, neuronal processes, etc. | USE THE IMAGE PLANE AS THE PROBE |
| DESTRUCTIVE INDEX | alveoli/duct space, ratio of damaged to healthy tissue by volume | AREA FRACTION FRACTIONATOR |
| AIRSPACE FRACTION | alveoli, percent by volume | AREA FRACTION FRACTIONATOR |
| THICKNESS | air blood barrier | ORTHOGONAL INTERCEPTS |
| SURFACE | air blood barrier | MERZ or WEIBEL |
| PERCENT by VOLUME | pulmonary regions e.g. intra-alveolar surfactant or edema | AREA FRACTION FRACTIONATOR |
